3 展望

肠道菌群的稳态与宿主的健康密切相关，膳食结构是调控肠道菌群结构的主要因素之一，而美拉德反应在食品加工和贮藏过程中广泛存在，其过程及产物非常复杂，与肠道菌群的相互作用对人体健康至关重要。美拉德反应产物对肠道微生物表达功能特性的影响，以及微生物对美拉德反应产物代谢和生物降解的影响，是食品科学、医学等学科研究的热点之一。目前关于美拉德反应产物在体内对肠道菌群和机体健康的研究较少且存在一定争议，需要进一步研究美拉德反应产物与肠道菌群互作的量效、构效及组效关系，以更好地评估美拉德反应产物对不同健康状况和疾病的影响，为其作为功能性食品成分的开发和应用提供科学依据。◇

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